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About rajuwilk

I am a writer by passion but a surgeon by profession.

Vastraharan

This incident happened some years ago. I work in a private medical college and on that particular day we had routine surgeries posted. On reaching the hospital, I went straight to the operation theatre. When I reached the operation theatre, I was surprised to find the theatre in-charge nurse tear stained and stripped to her blouse and petticoat, sitting with the female anaesthetist in their room. Her right hand appeared to be scalded which she was dipping in a bowl of ice water.

On enquiry about what had transpired and the reason for her unusual attire, I was told this story.
A case of trauma with fractures had come early morning to the casualty and the Orthopedic Surgeons had posted it for emergency surgery. They had informed the theatre in-charge regarding the instruments they would require and to prepare an emergency tray. Normally except for the routine instruments not all instruments are kept autoclave or sterilized. If a surgery is posted as a routine then the instruments are autoclaved a day before and kept ready. In case of an emergency when the instruments are required at a short notice, the operation theatre nurses resort to ‘flaming’ or flame sterilization for the metallic non sharp instruments.

Flame sterilization is placing the instruments on a stainless steel tray and pouring 100% ethanol or alcohol on them. The ethanol is spread evenly over the tray and then is set alight. The flame is a blue flame, which means complete combustion. But the nurse was not satisfied with the evenness of the conflagration. So to turn up the heat, she poured more ethanol, straight from the bottle onto the burning tray. In a blink of an eye, the flame climbed up the stream of ethanol and set the contents of the bottle alight. The bottle exploded like a molotov cocktail, splattering the burning liquid on her hand and saree. She was wearing a white synthetic saree which immediately caught fire. In her panic she forgot all protocol and began to ran amok down the corridor, towards the exit.
Ideally if your clothes catch fire you should roll on the ground to douse the flame. Running causes fanning of the flames result in a greater conflagration.

Lucky for her some senior female anaesthetist were there and spotted her running aflame. They immediately tackled and caught her. They pulled off her burning saree, stripping her down to her blouse and petticoat. The other people present were mute spectators, not sure what was happening and what to do.

What reaction would you expect from her for the prompt actions of the anaesthetist, who braved the flames and saved her from serious burn injury or even death.
Gratitude! Right? But it was the opposite. Rage against her saviours for having stripped her of her dignity, outraged her modesty in front of male doctors. Drawing parallels to the famous Vastraharan of Draupadi by Dushasan, under instructions of Duryodhan in the Mahabharat. Luckily no males were involved in this Vastraharan.

Later better sense prevailed when she was in a calmer state of mind. She apologized for her outburst and thanked them for saving her life.

Sexy Podimas

Men’s Hostel had a very dull menu in those days (I don’t know what the situation is now). You go to the table you could be assured that there would be three vessels full of Sambar, Rasam and Rice. We had to stand in line and were dished out a plate with vegetables and beef or just vegetables. The only variations in the week were some days when we got Bhaturas other days Barotas and on other days Chappatis. The Barotas (I suspect this is a corruption of Parothas) were unique in the sense they seem to have been made by pulling the Maida into a string then laying it in a spiral fashion and rolling it into a circle and then roasting it on a Tawa with oil. When you tore the Barota it would unravel in a corkscrew pattern. Surprisingly my son who is studying Architecture in Mumbai was taken by his Malayalee friends to a typical Kerala eating joint and he was describing the Barotas and how he enjoyed it (I suspect that it is his Malayalee blood). I told him “I have eaten enough of those in Men’s Hostel”. What really surprised me was that during our reunion in 2003, Priyo Sada wanted to eat Barotas and we had them ordered in Darling Manor.

The Chappatis were as someone rightly described ‘bullet-proof’ because the cooks did not know how to place them on the fire and inflate them (phulkas). In order to make them chewable a generous dose of oil was added to it.

One day when we were returning from the dissection to the mess for lunch along with B. Venkatesh, he said “De let go fast da, sexy grub today”, to which we asked “what?” he replied “mor da”. To this all of us said “what shit Venky whats so great about mor”. But I guess that was another treat to some ‘mor’. (Reminds me of the Dicksonian character Oliver Twist who went up with his plate and said “please sir may I have some mor-e”. Kai thook!)

However sundays was a treat for the carnivores, chicken with the mandatory ‘chip’ (or should I say ‘sips’). The resident used to line up to get the best pieces, the most popular where the leg and the breast. Some of the residents were more graphic when they requested for breast piece, “Thambi nalla breast piece” and they would squeeze their own breast to emphasize the point.

In our routine dull cuisine there was a single silver lining of a ‘muttai’ which we could order as and extra by paying with coupon of course. The muttais available were:-

  1. Kanadi muttai=Plain old fried egg because of it glass like quality was called Kanadi.
  2. Omlette
  3. Podimas=Scrambled egg
    The variety in Podimas was legendary and had names:-
    Some were named after famous personalities like ‘Ninan Chacko Podima’ (Who the Eff is Ninan Chacko?)
    Others were patriotic like ‘All India Podima’ (This sometimes was corrupted to sound like ‘Olinda Podima’, again I wonder who is she?)
    Then there was the name which call a spade a spade, ‘The All Shit Podima’ (apt description of the cooking in Men’s Hostel).
    The there was the graphic name of ‘Sexy Podima” (perhaps the original name may have been ‘Check-sy Podima’ but got corrupted to sexy!)
    These Podimas had one thing in common all of them contained thakkali, kotmali, vengaayam and pachai milagaai in varying proportions. Which one contained how much of what was known to no one! Sometimes as David Srinivasagam described if someone was served what he thought was a Ninan Chacko Podima rather then the Sexy Podima that he had ordered, it could land on the face of the Thambi. Some residents tried to win immortality by attempting to devise and popularize a podima named after themselves. However after Ninan Chacko no other personality managed to garner that amount of fame and no two podimas were ever the same.

Studying for knowledge!

I know it’s like setting a cat loose amongst pigeons but this has been on my mind for quite some time.

I have taught in a private medical college for close to 25 years and I have noticed this disturbing trend amongst students. It begins in the 10th standard, by then students have either decided or the decision has been taken for them, as to what career they will pursue. It’s a limited choice, either Medicine or Engineering and anything otherwise is considered sacrilegious. Even before the 10th results are declared the students are admitted into coaching classes, which prepare them for the premedical or pre engineering exams. There is a ‘setting’, as known in local parlance or nexus between these coaching classes and some schools and junior colleges. The student admitted in these schools/junior colleges are not expected to attend classes. Instead they spend the whole day in ‘swot’ or coaching classes. The main focus is on the pre-medical or pre-engineering exams. The schools/colleges themselves don’t encourage their pupils to attend classes and their staff moonlight by teaching in these coaching classes. So they are not available to take regular classes. Some students don’t even enroll in coaching classes in their home city, but in famous towns whose names have become synonymous to quality coaching classes, like ‘Kota’. Kota has become a brand name in itself and many wannabe classes in the town have sprung up which have no connection with the original Kota classes but encash on the name. Kota being the name of a town cannot be trademarked. Even for getting admission in the original Kota classes the students have to undergo a pre-pre-entrance exam and only the best are taken. If you are take the best you are guaranteed a good result. The challenge would be to take the average and make them the best.

The students return to write their boards in their home town and as they were enrolled in local schools/colleges that’s no problem. They can now avail of the domicile of the state while applying for admission. Regarding domicile only Delhi is truly all inclusive and anyone can apply in the state medical and engineering colleges. Most other states have quotas for domicile, even for domicile in regions within the state then rural and urban. For clearing the board exams the student has sufficient knowledge to get passing marks and is guaranteed 100% marks for the practicals and of course class attendance. Thanks to the coaching-class-school/college setting.

The students through various permutations of caste, quota and capitation secure admission in a medical college. The students of today are farsighted. They know where their priorities lie. They glimpse the future through their own crystal ball. They realize that a mere MBBS doesn’t amount to much. This is true because the days of a family doctor is over, जिनके पास हर मर्ज की दवा थी, or who had the panacea to all illnesses. The general practitioner field has been taken over by graduates of the alternate-pathies or Ayush. No self respecting MBBS would allow himself to be a general practitioner. So now begins the quest for a post graduation degree. Once again admission is sought into specialised coaching classes for post graduate admission tests. Many of the students miss the morning lectures in college because they are attending the coaching classes. Students posted in surgery sometimes request me that they may be excused on Saturdays. Usually on Saturdays an expert on a topic flies down and delivers a lecture. I ask them what can he teach you which is different from what is taught in regular classes. They have no answer. Possibly ‘घर की मुर्गी, दाल बराबर’, or you don’t value what you have. Since the expert has flown down from a metro and has the aura of a sawant, it is believed that his teaching would be like the revelations of an Oracle.

“To study the phenomenon of disease without books is to sail an uncharted sea, while to study books without patients is not to go to sea at all” (Sir William Osler) and “The ward is your library, the patients are your teachers”. I must have quoted these adages from the Surgical textbook, Bailey and Love, to students, ad nauseum but with no avail. Unfortunately it is possible to pass MBBS without ever having seen a patient and passing is all that is required. Because admission into post graduation depends on how you fare in the entrance exam and not on your MBBS marks. What is taught in the coaching classes? How to approach the entrance exam and how to score in multiple choice questions. Question banks with questions from previous years is distributed and studied as the questions repeat, sometimes almost upto 20%. The theory taught is related to these multiple choice questions. Internship in hospitals where presence in spirit and not in flesh is required is sought. The flesh can attend the coaching classes while the spirit does the internship. This has resulted in MBBS graduates with zero practical knowledge and selective theoretical knowledge.

So the student cracks the post graduate entrance exam and gets admission in a post graduate seat. The most sought after seats are the ones where ‘practice’ or patient footfall is good. For example orthopedic surgery, trauma is increasing and not decreasing thanks to the fast pace of life, there is always trauma and people are breaking bones. A broken bone is obvious even to the untrained eye of a patient on an x-ray. Not much persuasion is required regarding the need for surgery. In contrast in general surgery a patient with appendicitis, intestinal obstruction or perforation peritonitis would not show much in his x-ray which would be discernable by the untrained eye.

Gynaecology is another all time favourite because every married lady will become pregnant sooner or later, preferably sooner. She will have to deliver and a Nursing Home close to home is preferred. It is convenient for delivering tiffin and accommodating visiting relatives. So there is a ‘friendly neighborhood obstetrician’ in every locality. In our days suction cups, forceps and manipulations were used to ensure a vaginal delivery. These days the Obstetricians take no chances, if there’s even a slightest doubt then it’s safest to do a Cesearian section. What surprises me that these same ladies who have undergone multiple Cesearian sections when told they will require an appendectomy, baulk and say they are scared of operations, can’t it be fixed with medications? When asked how they endured the multiple Cesearian sections, they retort, “that was many years ago”.

Dermatology is another sought after speciality where there are plenty of patients and no emergencies. These days dermatologist are packaging themselves as cosmetologist. Their plethora of services along with consultation includes beauty treatment.

Radiology used to go abegging when I finished my MBBS, because in those days x-rays were the only diagnostic tool in the hands of the radiologist. Now there is a plethora of diagnostic tools like sonography, CT scan, MRI and PET scan. Interventional radiology has also taken in a big way. Now radiology is in the great demand for the same reasons, plenty of patient footfalls, no emergencies. However being a dependent branch it involves schmoozing specialists but once the chain is established it is all hunky dory.

Medicine is another sought after speciality because physicians are the gate keepers. Almost all patients initially land up first to a physician who in turns decides where to send the patient. Somebody describes them as Kings because “जिसके पास प्रजा, वो ही राजा” or the one who has a following is the King. The physician can manage the patient initially till relevant specialist sees the patient. The physicians also always have a gaggle of chronic patients suffering from diabetes, hypertension and heart disorders. These ailments cannot be cured and can be merely controlled, hence the physicians have patients for life. Physicians fitness is mandatory for patients posted for routine surgery. It’s their job to optimize the patients for surgery.

Ophthalmology is another speciality where footfalls are guaranteed. All of us require glasses after 40 and cataract surgery after 60 is all part of the aging process. This speciality has few emergencies and plenty of patients.

Coming to my speciality, surgery, it lies somewhere in between. The surgical field has also been encroached by the superspecialist depleting the field. Now a general surgeon handles purely general surgical problems, leaving the cancers for the surgical oncologist, vascular to the vascular surgeons, endocrine to the surgical endocrinologists, urinary problems to the urologists, head injuries to the neurosurgeons, gastrointestinal problems to the surgical gastroenterologists and lower gastrointestinal problems to the Colo-rectal surgeons. He is left with hernias, hydroceles, abscesses, wounds, lumps and bumps.

Finally the real value of a seat is determined by the market forces, which is most sought after and which attracts the highest capitation. Capitation fee or sometimes euphemistically called donation is uniquely an Indian term, refers to an illegal transaction in which an organisation that provides educational services collects a fee higher than that approved by regulatory norms.

Now once a student gets his speciality of choice or had no choice, just had to take what he gets. If he gets surgery than his goal now is to get a super speciality seat. No one except fools like me would be happy being a plain general surgeon. But I can say because I have worked in all specialities of surgery, I can teach the superspecialists some practical things.

The students we get from premiere institutions are solely lacking in practical knowledge. Some don’t know how to take the blood pressure others don’t know how to start an i.v. line. One student introduced an i.v. cannula into the vein in the wrong direction, pointing distally. After starting the i.v. the patient’s hand got swollen up. But now the focus is studying for the superspeciality pre admission test and the cycle begins again. After that they will be studying for a foreign degree.

Someone said “When I finished my studies I began my education”. The question is when will the studies end and education begin?

Eulogy to Sunil Agarwal, delivered in the Hospital Chapel on 6th February 2020

I stand here totally devastated. Thinking around 48 hours ago Sunil or Agroo as we affectionately called him was alive. Just a flash of a moment and it was all over. What a tenuous thread keeps us tethered to this world.

I feel grateful that I have met such wonderful people in my life, who influenced me positively. Made me realize the negative people who I should avoid.

My first meeting with Agroo was on the 17th of July, 1978, in front of Carmen Block. I can still vividly remember him wearing a checked shirt, moustache and dense hair. We connected immediately and the 4 of us, B. Venkatesh ‘Venky’, Sunil Datta ‘Datta’, Agroo and me shared room no. 119-120 in the slums.

Agroo was an extremely generous person and would share the shirt off his back with anyone who asked him. It was not necessary that the person should be a friend.

Our first night in Men’s Hostel was spent on the floor of the upper common room in, a mandate of the initiation rituals. The mosquitoes almost consumed me alive. Agroo seeing my discomfort shared a tube of Odomos mosquito repellent. The respite that small gesture gave was amazing.
He was the only person in our Batch to have a cassette recorder. Those days having a music system was a big thing. People used to come to our room to listen to music and some would borrow it for private listening. Agroo never refused anyone. We his room mates would get exasperated but his response was, “never mind”.

One of our classmates just revealed that Agroo paid his mess bills, when he was short of money. Agroo believed in not letting his right hand know what his left hand did.

He always talked about his family and the sacrifices his father made to educate them. He was determined to pay them back in full and live up to the expectations his father had from him. As all of you know his father has very ill recently but it was Agroo who literally snatched him from the jaws of death.
When he was on deputation in CMC Ludhiana, I was doing my MS there. He was my teacher during the day and my friend in the evening. His son Varun and my son Akshai also became friends. It was the second generation of friendship.

The first surgery I did as an MS, was on the 1st of January, 1994. It was an incisional hernia in a patient who was a hundred and plenty kgs in weight. I remember the date, because we tried to dissuade the patient from getting operated on the 1st day of the year. But he refused to get the hint. Under Agroo’s guidance I did an excellent job, despite a night of revelry.

His home in Ludhiana was a refuge for the Velloreites and also for the students.

He was very popular with the students in Ludhiana and I remember him taking clinics there. He used the word chumma a lot, as it’s customary in the Vellore parlance. But he forgot that it means kiss in Hindi. The students could be seen suppressing their smiles.
He enjoyed the company of the young and I can make out that he and Indu were very popular as fosters. I have come across touching eulogies by his foster children in the social media.
My daughter who has met him only once last April messaged me yesterday, “he was very sweet and very nice”.

Agroo was never guided by any established religion. He attributed it to his school where religious practices were discouraged. But he was guided by his love for his fellow men and his belief in what is right and wrong.

I could go on forever with my memories of a beautiful soul, but I have to conclude somewhere.
In conclusion despite he being taken away prematurely from us. Even in this short time, he managed to touch people’s lives, ensuring that he will be remembered forever. I am sure he is in a much happier place and will guide us in spirit.

May his soul rest in eternal peace.

A lesson in leadership!

All the parts of the the body had a fight over who should be the Boss. The Brain said “I do all the thinking, I should be the Boss.”
The eyes said “I do the seeing, without me you would be blind and directionless. I should be the Boss.”
The ears said “I do all the listening, without me you would be deaf. I should be the Boss.”
The mouth said “I do both the talking and eating. Without me you would me both mute and hungry. I should be the Boss.”
Likewise all the other parts staked their claims for the position of Boss.
Finally the ‘anal sphincter’, also commonly known as the A_____e, staked his claim for the position of Boss.
The other parts of the body laughed at the ‘anal sphincter’ staying “How can the ‘anal sphincter’ even dream of being the Boss?”
The ‘anal sphincter’ was extremely sensitive so he sulked and refused to function.
After a few days on non functioning, the Brain became feverish and couldn’t think clearly. The eyes saw only blurred. The ears could only hear a ringing sound and the mouth was dry and couldn’t eat or talk.
All the parts of the body appealed to the Brain, “Let the ‘anal sphincter’ be the Boss!”
So it came to pass that the ‘anal sphincter’ became the Boss. Now all the parts of the body functioned well and the ‘anal sphincter’ did nothing at all. Except for passing out a lot of Shit!
Moral of the story: You don’t have to be a Brain to be the Boss, being an A_____e is sufficient.

The Seven Wonders of Vellore and the Bushes of Bagayam Campus.

“If you have an ugly daughter send her to CMC, she will definitely find a husband!” This was a popular aphorism making rounds in 1978.
Perhaps this was a corollary of the seven wonders of Vellore, which were told to us ad nauseum:
1. River without water.
2. Fort without King.
3. Temple without diety.
4. Hill without trees.
5. Police without power.
6. Men without brains.
7. Women without beauty.
Now is it because the men are brainless that they fall for the women without beauty? The women in contrast have plenty of brains because it’s a popular belief that beauty and brains don’t go together. Everyone has heard the stereotyped ‘dumb blonde’. So using the reverse logic we have a ‘plain Jane with brains’.
Someone commented, “whoever coined these wonders obviously did not like Vellore.” But there can be no smoke without fire! There may be some truth in these wonders.

Yes it’s true the Palar river is mainly a dry river bed. There is even a hotel on it’s bank with the a wishfully worded name, ‘Hotel Riverview’. It was built at the end of our tenure in Vellore and at that time defined Vellore Luxe. The management is optimistic that there will be a perennial flow down the Palar in the future. Meanwhile the hotel provides it’s guests, rooms with the soothing sight of sand! Literally throwing sand into people’s eyes.

The Vellore fort is a 16th century fort built by the Vijayanagara Kings and it changed hands to the Bijapur Sultans, the Marathas, the Carnatic Nawabs and finally the British who controlled it till independence. Tipu Sultan’s family and the last king of Sri Lanka, Sri Vikrama Rajasinha were held as prisoners during British rule after which there have been no royal resident.

The temple without a deity refers to the Jalakanteshwarar temple in the fort. According to legend there used to be a giant ant-hill at the site of the temple and it was surrounded by stagnant water and at some stage someone placed a Shiva Lingam near the anthill maybe because of the resemblance of the ant hill to a Shiva Lingam and people began worshipping it. The fort was controlled by a Vijayanagara Chieftain named Chinna Bomi Nayaka who had a dream in which Shiva instructed him to build a temple there. So he demolished the ant-hill and built a temple around the site in 1550 AD. Since the Lingam was surrounded by water (Jalam in Tamil) the deity was called Jalakandeshwarar (Shiva residing in water).
During Muslim invasion and annexation of the fort, there were fears of desecration. So the main deity was removed away to the Jalakanda Vinayakar Temple in Sathuvacheri for safe keeping and the temple remained vacant for 400 years and there was no worship. The deity was smuggled back into the temple in 1981 and worship reinstated. So strictly speaking not true now but yes the deity has been in exile for 400 years.

The hills around Vellore are rocky and don’t have the necessary substrate for growth of trees. Even hospital lacks trees in contrast to the lush college campus, which took years to cultivate.
However those rocks were fuel to the imagination of students and a tall, barren hill overlooking the campus, crowned with a rock which had a resemblance to a toad at some angles, was christened as Toad Hill by the students. During my recent visit I noticed that the rock has got eroded and the resemblance now leaves a lot to imagination.

Perhaps the police are little wary of taking action against ‘CMC Doctors’ whenever they violate traffic rules. May be because they never know when they might require medical aid. So perhaps their kindness has been construed as toothlessness.

Men are famous for acting without thinking. Emotions, intoxicants, testosterones, love and lust has got a lot to do with this. Then you add youth to this heady cocktail and you will understand why men are perceived as brainless or think waist down. But true of all men and not necessarily the ones from Vellore.

Let me put this last wonder of Vellore in perspective using the microcosm of Christian Medical College. After all it was the institution which put Vellore on the world map otherwise Vellore would have remained an obscure village in the hinterlands of Tamil Nadu.
Anybody seeking admission in CMC, know they only stand a chance if they declare their love and acceptance of the Almighty, their deep desire to serve the suffering masses and their willingness to work in rural India. Then they must also look the part! For men its fairly simple, white shirt with black pants but for women it’s a little more complicated. So during the interviews trendy clothes, make up etc are out and the ‘Plain Jane’ or specifically ‘Plain Rural Jane’ look was the norm. Before the interview one of our classmates had recently got her hair permed into an Afro, never expecting to be called for the interview. However once she got the call she must have used a whole bottle of coconut oil to undo the ringlets and make two short pigtails. Also out went the contact lenses and on came a pair of the largest, thickest, horn-rimmed glasses. The Pavadai Daavanis, Langa Vonis, Langa Davanis or half saree were brought out of the mothballs and donned with aplomb. There were the occasional regular sarees and salwar kameez and I remember one maxi but that was only as adventurous as it got. The hair preferably was oiled and plaited and malligai poo or jasmine stringed in a chain adorned the oily plaits. And the look, of a people’s person, willing to dedicate their life to the mission was complete! So the more unattractive the better the chance of cracking the interview.
Was this the origin of the wonder, ‘women without beauty’?

There is nothing like an ugly woman, only a woman who doesn’t know how to look beautiful.
Even the organisers of Beauty Pageants confess that all you require to compete is height, the rest can be manufactured thanks to Dieticians, Plastic Surgeons and Orthodontists.

CMC is not famous for it’s style or sartorial taste. Bathroom slippers were an accepted form of footwear and if you wanted to be haute couture a la CMC you could buy MCR chappals from the Karigiri store. Boys wore the standard white shirt made by MIQ tailor. The shirt was a cross between a bush shirt and a lab coat. It had large pockets like a lab coat near the waist. The girls wore the mandatory starched cotton sarees, there were the occasional salwar kameez but then it had to be covered with a lab coat.
I think the students aped the teachers who were similarly attired. One of my classmates recently commented, “In CMC people believed in simple living and high thinking.”
So simple that one of my classmates mistook a professor of pathology for a lab attendant! The professor wore full white with the mandatory MCR slippers, which was also similar to the attire of the attendants. My classmate got shooed out of the pathology museum but he was still not convinced about the authority of the person, asked the professor, “who shall I say told me to leave the museum?” To which he was told, “tell anyone who asks Professor______ told you to leave the museum.” But the professor was large hearted and he forgave and forgot (maybe it happened to often for him to recall all the culprits, but I’ll give him the benefit of doubt). He was once spotted outside Verghs Canteen (Verghese Canteen but in it’s present avatar it’s has the more amorous moniker of Darling) sharing a chai and cigarette with my classmate.

The two notable changes which occurred the year we joined were a new Principal took over and the fees was hiked from ₹800/- to ₹3000/-, I believe it still remains the same after 39 odd years. The previous principal was liberal and didn’t mind the mixing of sexes, his successor was more straitlaced in these matters. So before we joined not only did every batch give the freshers a welcome party, the freshers gave return parties to all the batches. These parties gave the senior boys a chance to ‘gonad’ with the junior girls. The party games like ‘Shrinking Islands’, in which the couples were supposed to stand on a newspaper which was folded to a smaller and smaller size, promised close physical proximity (is that game still played?). The winners were the ones who could balance themselves on their toes of a single foot and embrace each other tightly for balance.
The parties ended with a disco, with loud music and muted lights. By this time pairing had occurred and dances like ‘the bumps’, where the couples were supposed to collide their hips with the beat of the music and of course the slow waltzes. The Cinderella time of 12 midnight was not rigidly enforced.
The new principal began by cutting down the number of parties so henceforth freshers did not have to give a return party. Then discos were banned and the Cinderella time was enforced. When seniors met him to allow some leeway in the discos and Cinderella time, he was adamant and even made a statement like, “After 12 mn passions rise!” He left a lot unsaid as to what else rose and why it could not rise before 12 mn. He had many acolyte and the women were told in their Hostel, “Girls are like cotton and boys are like fire. And you know what will happen once cotton meets fire!” Again leaving a lot unsaid.

The Community Orientation Programme was designed to prepare us for a life in rural India. It involved staying in a remote village, interacting with the villagers and teaching them healthier practices by example.
Our senior batch broke all records and in the 15 days stay in the village most of them got fixed! Or paired off. This statistic must have come to the notice of the new administration so in our Batch only the boys spent the night in the village while the girls were bused back to the safe confines of the Women’s Hostel. Safe from conflagration.
The boys made hay while the sun shined or in this case ‘set’. We discovered an isolated well and skinny-dipped in it with impunity until we spotted snakes swimming in the light of the day. That ended our night swims.
Life comes to a standstill in rural India after sunset and not much entertainment. One study did blame the population explosion to this factor, citing the example of Mexico when the population growth fell after introduction of popular soaps.

In any residential campus romance definitely prevails and sometimes results in the pairing of the most unlikely people.
Once a couple is paired or fixed, they become inseparable. They study together in the Student’s Association (SA) Hall or library, they eat together in the canteen. Except for sleeping in their respective hostels, they are constantly together.
Ours was a time of limited communication and there was just one phone in Men’s Hostel, under the staircase in a wooden booth next to the mess. The watchmen would answer the phone and in case anyone gets a call, he would stand on the drive, under the block where the person stays and shout “XYZ Saar! XYZ Saar!” This would be repeated until XYZ opens his door and peeks down and says, “Enna Watchman?”. To which he would get a reply, “Phone call Saar!”. Immediately others would burst out of their rooms and shout “De! De! XYZ, steady da!”
All this worked on probability, the chances your parents phoning you was almost zero. In those days having a phone in your house was a rarity and if your parents wished to make a call, they would have to go to the Central Telegraph Office, book a trunk call which was expensive. Only 3 minutes time was given and that was not long enough for you to descend from your room to the phone booth to answer. Instead the probability of it being from the other side of the road was high. The phone call was a public announcement that XYZ is now officially fixed and it’s his wife (as they were wrongly referred to) calling him to SA Hall.
Of course once in a while it was a false alarm, the female class representative calling the male class representative regarding some class matter.

There were designated ‘bushes’ in the Bagayam campus. The base of College Hill, Scudder quadrangle, the corridor in front of the old physics lab leading to the Chapel, the tennis courts, a quiet spot on Arni road, Bagayam oval to mention a few.
There used to be a small gate in front of Women’s Hostel which lead to college hill, now it’s been closed. Arni road is no longer desolate. It’s full of habitation. The tennis courts are used even in the nights now. So these no longer can be counted as bushes.
After intense study in the SA Hall, the fixed couples required an amorous interlude. Then the bushes came in handy. Each couple had their favourite bush and poondaxing or encroaching on other’s bush was not a done thing. In case another couple did poondax they could be sent away by a discreet cough. Once some tennis enthusiasts decided to have a night game. They went into the courts and either didn’t hear the coughs or ignored it and turned on the floodlights. The rest I leave to your imagination!

There used to be a coffee stand in front of the mess run by Swamidoss. Normally the non fixed who studied in their rooms would gather there for coffee and gas session at around 11:30 pm. The Bushmen would be seen walking to their rooms or some of them would join us for coffee. Once in a while a particularly cheeky Watchman would comment in Tamil, “I know why your looking so tired!” Confident because the Bushman didn’t understand Tamil.
Some of them came in pairs, sometimes as a result of chance meeting on the drive but in one of the cases the wives were very good friends and they even shared a bush.
This classically as what you can call ‘strange bedfellows’!

The labour room

As part of our training in our final year MBBS we had a residential posting in Obstetrics. Where it was mandatory for us to conduct 20 normal deliveries and maintain a diligent record. This was to give us a hands on experience of the child birth process. It was a real eye opener.
In Obstetrics there is an adage, “what begins in the night, ends in the night”. Most of us were conceived in the night so we also chose to enter this cruel cold world in the night or in the wee hours of the morning. Unless it was a planned Caesarean Section, then it’s according to the convenience of the Obstetricians. There are also the ‘Mahurat Caesars’, where an auspicious day and time is chosen after consultation with an astrologist or priest. It is believed that the day and time of the birth determines the future. So being born on an auspicious day and at an auspicious time, would give the child a head start in life.
In order to be available 24 X 7, we were allotted two rooms just above the labour room, one for the boys and one for the girls. At some recent past this must have been one single room but then was divided into two by constructing a wall in between which stopped short by a foot from the ceiling. Possibly there may have been some difficulty laying the bricks up to the ceiling. This gave a convenient gap in which an electric bell was affixed, which was audible to occupants of both rooms. The bell was connected to the labour room and as soon as a lady in labour was admitted, the nurse would ring the bell and the residents of the rooms would turn by turn descend down and take down the details of the lady and monitor her progress until she delivered.
This was our first experience of sleep deprivation and most of us would be going down muttering under our breath, as to why this innocent soul chose this unearthly hour. Sometimes the nurses were charitable and told us to go back to sleep as the lady is not in advanced labour. They would call us when she’s ready to deliver. Others would play by the rules which say we should monitor the lady until she delivers. The labour room which wore a desolate look during the day, was chock a block with ladies in various stages of labour. As the auspicious moment for each lady approached the contractions of the uterus became more frequent. Each contraction was associated with pain and every lady began remembering their mother and their God. So on one bed you had a lady screaming with each painful contraction, ‘Andavane Muruga!’, or just ‘Muruga!’ Muruga referred to Murugan or Kartikeyan, son of Shiva and Parvati and brother of Ganesh, who is revered in South India. ‘Andavane Muruga’ roughly translates into ‘Oh Lord! I believe in you!’ But Muruga in Hindi means a Cock! As in Rooster and not what you’re thinking. Pun unintended! The next bed you had a lady wearing a hijab and shouting ‘Allahaa’! When repeated over and over again, it sounded more like ‘La la laa’. The next bed you had a lady shouting ‘Yeshu Swami’! All the major religions of India represented in one room and all entering into this world in a similar manner. In other words we are equal in birth and in death.
Then as the appointed hour drew nigh, it was heralded by an increased intensity of screams and supplications to the Almighty. Indicating an increased frequency of labour pains. To determine the stage of labour a pelvic examination was done by a resident. Two gloved fingers, the index and the middle finger were introduced in the vagina and the effacement and dilatation of the cervix or in plain English, how much the mouth of the uterus had opened and stretched thinly over the baby’s descending head, was assessed.
There would be a bulge of the amniotic membrane over the advancing head in what is called fore water. This was ruptured by the resident, an ARM or artificial rupture of membrane to speed up labour. We hear it often in movies or serials, “My water just broke!” Indicating an imminent delivery. Then the lady was transferred to the labour table.
The labour table as one layman commented resembled a medieval torture table! Often seen in places like the Tower of London. There are stirrups to string up and part the legs and the foldable lower part of the table, allowing the buttocks to be at the edge. The student was seated on a stool between the parted legs, wearing cap and mask, gloves and a plastic apron hands placed in the classic catching stance of a fielder, waiting to catch the child. A resident would be standing behind and guide the student. Cheer leaders consisting of student nurses and staff nurses, lined up on either sides, cajoling her to bear down. The chorus they chanted in Tamil was “Mukh Ma! Mukh Ma! Viraday Mukh Ma! Vellilay pon madari Mukh Ma! Which roughly translates into “Bear down! Bear down like when you go out to defecate!” Meanwhile the others would massage the abdomen and apply pressure on to fundus of the uterus to stimulate it to contract. If the lady so much as to dared to scream in pain, she would be rewarded with a slap and an admonition, “chumma kataaday!” or don’t shout unnecessarily. Definitely shades of medieval torture or police third degree.
But I have worked in the extreme South, Central and North of India and have found similar rituals, transcending cultures and languages. When I was doing my bond in Maharashtra, the cheer leaders used to chant, “Laga! Laga! Laga!” Roughly the same meaning only for in a different language and it used to sound like “Lagalagalagalagaaa!”, in one breath.
Then came the stage of the ‘crowning’ of the head! The head would emerge from the vaginal verge and the verge would form a ‘crown’. The resident directing the student from behind would ask him or her to take the episiotomy scissors and make a radial cut on this crown at the 7 o clock position. This was to give space for the head to come out and avoid haphazard tears of the vagina. One consultant once opined “I prefer using a scalpel as invariably the scissors are blunt”. However one question always troubled me as to how he managed to avoid incising the crowning head.
Then the head of the child emerged and once mouth of the child was visible, suction was given to remove any secretions in the throat and nose. The head is caught by passing the index and middle fingers of both hands on either side of the neck and applying traction downwards and out comes the child. Then the child is held upside down and suction to his mouth and nose is given. The child is initially patted gently all over to encourage him to cry, but if it doesn’t cry then the pat becomes akin to a slap. Next the student is supposed to tie the umbilical cord in two places with a sterile thread. Then cover the tied area with the left hand and severe the cord using a cord cutting scissors with the right hand. The idea of covering was to prevent blood splattering around as the cord becomes engorged. I once didn’t cover and the spray hit a senior nurse’s hat. Least to say she was not amused and if looks could kill I would have fallen dead on the spot. The student would then have to wait to deliver the placenta, examine it to determine if it was complete or some part remaining which could cause a post partum bleed. Then along with the help of the resident the student was taught how to suture the episiotomy wound. This was our first exposure to suturing and therefore was very exciting. The residents mainly females varied from having a motherly attitude to being impatient or being an outright bitch. One of the nicer ones encouraged me and praised my suturing, she also prophetically said “you will become a surgeon!” God Bless her!
The child meanwhile is wiped and cleaned by another team of nurses, an identification band is placed on the child’s wrist to prevent a mix up and wrapped in a blanket. A paediatrician examines the child for any congenital anomalies.
I once read that the famous cricketer Sunil Gavaskar got exchanged at birth and was almost being taken by the wrong set of parents but was saved by an observant relative and the correct child was given to the parents. Otherwise he commented he would have been a fisherman rather than a cricketer.
The next step is the child is shown to the mother and she is asked what sex did she hope for? The mother invariably gives a diplomatic answer and then the child’s genitalia is uncovered to reveal the sex of the child. Mother being a mother accepts the child whether boy or girl but the relatives waiting outside may not be so altruistic.
During our COP or Community Orientation Program, we stayed in a Village Mottupalayam for 15 days and interacted with the villagers. There was one family which had 3 daughters, the first was named ‘Tamilselvi’ or pride of Tamils. When the next girl was born they named her ‘Ventam’, meaning ‘don’t want’, hoping that God would get the hint but when the third girl was born there was mourning and chest beating. They realized God does not take subtle hints so she was named, ‘Inniki pothum’, or enough is enough!
Now I know why it’s called labour! Maybe fulfilling the Biblical prophecy by God to Eve for the original sin, “I will make your pains in childbearing very severe; with painful labour you will give birth to children Genesis 3:16
The Greek hero Hercules was given 12 labours by King Eurystheus as penance, but I think all of them paled in comparison to what a woman faces.
My appreciation to all the women of this world for all you have to face in life but still emerge  smiling.

Murder of a model!

The papers few days ago blared the murder of a model in Chandrapur. Her mutilated body was found abandoned on the roadside and police identified her, based on the tattoos on her body. Her boyfriend was the prime suspect for the murder. He is the son of an alleged drug peddler from the Gittikhadan area in Nagpur. When he was picked up by the police, he denied any involvement, as it’s customary but on further interrogation confessed to the murder. His motive was jealousy as the girl was also seeing other men and was procrastinating in typing the knot with him.    A very common story of LSD, love, sex and dhokha (धोखा). Add to it some intoxicants and it adds up to a catastrophic cocktail.
But how do I figure in this story?
You will understand once you read on.
I am in charge of a surgical unit in our hospital and by rotation we are on call for emergencies on Sundays. And that particular Sunday was one such Sunday.
The day began as a relaxed day, getting up late, watching TV and chilling. when I get a call from my resident informing me about two emergencies which presented in the casualty. The first was a case of acutely inflamed appendix or appendicitis.
The appendix is a finger like pouch attached to the beginning of the large intestine. It is believed to be a vestigial organ and was earlier useful for digestion of complex carbohydrates like cellulose. But since we stopped eating grass way down the evolutionary chain it shriveled up. It also believed to harbour the ‘good bacteria’ which help in digestion. But sometimes it’s lumen gets blocked with a faecolith (hard piece of shit) or or an ingested seed or sometimes worms, causing it to swell up and become inflamed. This condition is known as appendicitis and the treatment is surgical removal of the inflamed organ before it swells up so much that it burst discharging the contents of the large intestine into the peritoneal cavity.
The other was a case of torsion testis in an engineering student.
The testis or balls as it’s colloquial known as is suspended in the scrotum like a bell and it’s clapper. The clapper being the testis hence in Hindi it’s also colloquially called ‘ghanta’ (घंटा) or bell. The suspensory cords contains the artery veins, spermatic cord and surrounded by a muscle called the cremasteric muscle, whose function is to pull the testis upwards in response to a stimulus. This stimulus could range from stroking the inner aspect of the thigh, called the cremasteric reflex to straining during defecation or vigorous coitus. If the testis is loosely suspended in scrotum, it could cause a twist on the cord and testis, cutting off the blood circulation to the testis. Imagine if one’s balls get twisted the agonizing pain which would ensue.                                             On a lighter note it reminded me of of our Hostel Days in Christian Medical College, Vellore. We had our own campus terms and one of them was ‘kottais’. In Tamil kottai meant seed, but in campus lingo with the added ‘s’ to indicate it’s plural, it meant ‘balls’. Then it was further abbreviated and you need not say the word, just hold your hand hand up as if you are holding a cricket ball and give it a twist in an anticlockwise direction or a torsion. This would convey a painful message, ‘kottais’ or ‘balls’ to the intended person.               Returning to the present this is a real emergency because if not corrected within 6 hours the testis would become gangrenous and have to be removed and the double whammy is gangrenous testis secrete antibodies against the testicular cells and can destroy the opposite testis too.                                I instructed my residents to inform the anaesthetists and post the patient for surgery ASAP and I would be coming for the surgery.    So I embarked on a medical mission of mercy driving down the 15 kms to the hospital.     Now along the way there was a large gathering of people blocking one lane of the road. It looked like there might have been an accident and the crowd was gathered to display their protest. There was a security guard posted by the under construction Metro project, who directed me to use the other lane. Sensing there was a tense situation brewing but there was also an emergency, I took the risk. As I came close to the crowd there were burning tyres strewed on the road leaving just enough space for me to squeeze between the crowd on one side and the tyres. There was also a two wheeler coming from the opposite end and both of us reached this narrow patch. I stopped to permit him to cross but he rather than crossing, stopped his motorcycle and was peering curiously into the crowd trying to figure out what was happening. I made the mistake of tapping my horn and immediately the crowds attention turned towards me. A visibly emotional and agitated looking youngster separated from the gathering and stood in front of my car and bent down. I braced myself for a rock to smash my windshield to smithereens. Instead he pulled one of the burning tyres and placed it under my car. Luckily there was a sensible elder who came immediately removed the tyre, pacified the youngster while indicating to me to scram! I immediately drove out of the danger zone and reached the hospital. The operations went off successfully the twisted testis of the teen could be salvaged and the inflamed appendix was removed in the nick of time.                   Only the next day did I find out what the gathering was all about. The murdered model lived in that locality and her body had been brought home in preparation for the last rites. The gathering was of the mourners. The former boyfriend and perpetrator belonged to a different community so the gathering was taking communal hues. Definitely what the boy did was wrong and no one has the right to snuff out anyone’s life. But senseless violence would be counterproductive. Quoting Gandhi, “an eye for an eye makes the whole world blind

Men’s Hostel Final Year’s Farewell Speech, delivered by yours truly on circa 29/10/1983

This was my speech on the occasion of Men’s Hostel Final Year’s Farewell. My late father preserved a copy of this speech which I found amongst his papers. I thought it might be interesting to post it.

Good evening Ladies and Gentlemen,
Only on two occasions I have made a speech here in CMC. The first time was during our fresher’s welcome, when I had to stand here introduce myself and talk about my hobbies etc, etc and this is the second time presumably also the last. The time gap between these two occasions has been slightly more than five years. The view from this podium has changed, not only in terms of the people sitting in the audience, but also the fact that the first time I did not look at the audience. My gaze was directed above everybody’s head!
Five years in those days seemed like eternity, one reason for that was, five years was approximately equal to 1/3rd of my total lifetime. Whereas now that fraction is steadily approaching the 1/5th mark. Maybe that’s one reason why I find the days going faster and faster, and with the exams just around the corner, I wish I could slow it down.
At an occasion like this, one tends to recollect past events. Majority of what I recollect is no doubt pleasant, but of course it is natural tendency to forget the unpleasant. I would like to tell you about some of these memories. The first major event which we all had to face was the initiation. It lasted for 3 days and 3 nights, unlike the present 1 hour. It was easy if you behaved subservient and kept your ‘Lord and Master’ amused by cracking jokes or doing stupid things. In retrospect it was a very enjoyable experience, but only in retrospect not when you are in it. The most difficult thing I found was remembering seniors names and they felt very offended if you did not remember their name. One easy solution to this problem was to remember the very common names in the Hostel, for example ‘John’. That would be sufficient to satisfy a John Muthusamy, John D. Ashok, John Israel, John Alexander, John Putur Selvam, Benjamin John, Cherian John, George T. John and not to forget Sajiv John and other members of block John (Block John consist of a block in the Hostel, all of them my classmates and all of them are Johns), but it did not satisfy Cyrus Mills and I ended up doing 10 push ups, but it was better than saying “I don’t know sir”.
The moment initiation was over we concentrated our energies on getting to know each other. I can still remember Priyo Sada on the first day of class with Uma Nair’s chappals in his hand, threatening to throw it out of the window unless she did 10 push ups.
Venkatesh who had the misfortune of sharing a room with Agroo, Datta and me, one day before the final English exam came back tired from S.A. Hall, set his alarm for 4:30 am and went to sleep exactly at 12 am. The moment he was fast asleep someone forwarded his clock by 4 hours. Venky arose, bright and fresh at 12:30 am took his towel, soap, toothpaste, toothbrush and proceeded to the bogs. Enroute he discovered what the time actually was.
Then there was the day Neelam Charles was rudely awoken from his afternoon siesta by the weight of 15 people stacked up on him. His bed buckled on that weight. I offered to straighten the bed out for him, by turning it over and jumping on it. Instead of the bed straightening the planks broke. Neelu’s only reaction was, “I can’t even laugh now Cartoon!”
Then the time we put a bomb under Murli’s bed, the bomb had a slow fuse, it went off in the middle of the night. What dissappointed us the most, who were awake and waiting for the explosion, was that Murli had not stirred.
Then the hot summer nights, a large group of us used to sleep on the terrace. On a full moon night, the moonlight was so brilliant we could play 28 (popular card game). But the most interesting thing was to lie back admire the stars and the clouds. Sometimes with a little help of our fertile imaginations, the shape of these clouds could resemble many familiar objects. One day Murli exclaimed excitedly, “I bet you can’t guess what that cloud looks like.” We all tried, “a boy?, a girl?, a monkey?, an orangutan?”
“No, no, you are all wrong, that cloud looks exactly like a barium meal.” (x-ray picture of the stomach)
Once this feeling of Déjà vu descends on me, I can go on and on, but I will stop here and proceed on to the traditional questions.
Matrimonial plans
At present there exists no plans, but allow me to quote freely J.E. Park and K.E. Park (Authors of ‘A textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine’) on what they call ‘Universality of marriages in India’. “Marriages are universal and sacramental. Everyone sooner or later [then he adds in brackets (usually sooner)] gets married. The individual’s economic security or emotional maturity are seldom a prerequisite to marriage.”
So in that there is hope for me, whenever it takes place whether sooner or later, I’ll let you know.
Ideal woman
One who is seen and not heard.
Future plans
I’ll divide my future plans under two headings, Immediate future and Future future. The immediate future is quite certain, pass exams, finish internship and then finish two years bond period. The future future is uncertain, if not a PG (post graduation) then a GP (general practice), life is full of opportunities and the sky’s the limit. I may even work with a neglected tribe, the ‘Yeti’ or what is more popularly known as the ‘Abominable Snowman’.
Advice to the hostel
The hostel has changed a lot since my first year, but change is inevitable after all nothing remains static. There are varying opinions on whether this change is good or bad, but that is very subjective. Only thing I can say is that it is still a very nice place to stay in, so enjoy your stay and don’t overstay.
So goodnight and goodbye!

Repairing an iPhone, the saga

I have an iPhone 5s bought in 2014 when it was the latest. It had been functioning satisfactorily until this August. I was traveling and in order to charge it I had to balance it precariously on top of a switch board. Needless to say it fell flat on it’s face twice. After that it began freaking out, the touch screen would not respond and it became difficult to take calls. On examining it in the sunlight there was a hairline crack on the screen. Being an Indian and not believing in the ‘use and throw’ policy of the west I took it to the authorised Apple Service Centre. It was an impressive place with service technicians sitting in a row across the table to customers, who where telling them the problem with their phones. The technicians would nod sympathetically.
There were plenty of glamorous faces waiting for their turn. In order to get an appointment with a technicians I had to get a token from a machine at the entrance. It spat out a slip with a number printed on it . When my turn finally came I found myself sitting across a young man wearing the mandatory Apple tee shirt. I told him my problem and he nodded sympathetically. Then he gave me a solution, “most probably the display is damaged” he said.
I felt like kissing him for his brilliance.
“You can leave the phone and we will have to send it to Bangalore for diagnosis”.
Sounded okay so far to me so I nodded.
Then came the double whammy, “In case the display has to be changed it will cost you ₹14000/-” he said.
“Can you say that again!” I said not really believing my ears. He smiled and patiently repeated himself. I immediately picked up my phone and thanked him profusely for his time and politely enquired whether I owed him anything for the consultation, which he graciously declined. I also asked him how much I would get for a buy back offer, to which he referred me to sales department. There I discovered I could get a princely reduction on the purchase of another model of ₹2000/-.
Now what to do with the phone was the question. Repair would cost 14k and exchange would get me 2k, choice between the Devil and the deep blue sea.
So I decided to take a second opinion. Gym trainers are the people to get the best advice. They deal with a cross section of people. One of them advised me to go to the electronic market in front of Shani Mandir and seek the repair shop of an individual. He apparently was very famous and everyone knew him.
Shani Mandir is very congested area and parking is a nightmare. I decided not even to attempt parking there and instead parked at least half a kilometer away and walked into the market, feeling happy getting some more mileage on my fitness tracker.
He did turn out to be a well known person because on enquiring I was told to walk down a particular lane and his repair shop would be at the end. The problem was there two repair shops at the end of the road and since I only knew the name of the person it was difficult for me to decide which was the correct shop. I also didn’t feel like barging into a shop and enquiring whether it belonged to the person as they would definitely be rivals. So I went to a neighbouring shop dealing in electronic parts and asked him. I was surprised when he claimed to be totally oblivious of such a person. So I entered one of the shops and saw the person behind the counter was a Sardar. Wrong shop I thought and immediately made an exit. Then I went to the next shop and was relieved to find the name of the owner written in small print on the board.
On entering the store I was surprised to find that they also had a set up in a similar to the Apple service center, albeit on a smaller scale. The person manning the counter asked me the problem and went further than sympathetically nodding, he expertly removed two screws at the base of the mobile then with a metal spatula he levered the display off. First time I had seen the inside of an iPhone. I could make out the black battery in an interior coloured black. I remembered Steve Job was particular that the inside should also be as presentable as the outside.
Again the diagnosis was a display problem and that it had gone into an automatic mode. You press one app and another is activated.
“The display may have to be changed” he said. “Okay!” I replied and waited for the whammy. “Original display will cost ₹3000/- and first copy will cost ₹1500/-“. I was a little amused with the terminology. There are degrees to duplicates, first degree and so on. I remember shopping for fake Swiss watches in Dubai. The shopkeeper refused to say fake, “It’s a replica Saar!”, they were Malayalees.
I was tempted to ask how much a 3rd or 4th copy would cost.
He went on to say that they will get back to me once they determine that the display has to be changed. Then I was given a sketch pen and asked to sign on the screen, presumably to prevent any replacement.
Two days later I got a call saying the display needs to be changed and I foolishly opted for the original. The phone came back as good as new. I have put it up for sale on OLX but the replaced ‘original’ display is eating my profit margin ☹️. But every cloud has a silver lining and at least it’s better than the ₹2000/- buy back.